Improvement in granaries



B. M. NYCE.

Granary.

No. 59,267. Patented Oct. 3, 1865.

,bis

N. PETERS. PlmmLnhngmpner. wnsnmgxon, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

B. M. NYUE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMLPROVEM ENT IN GRANARIES.

, To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, BENJAMIN M. NYcE, of Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements inGranaries for Storing and Preserving Graih, Src; and I do hereby declarethat the foinwing is a full and complete description ofthe same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part -of thisspecification, in which- Figure l is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is aground plan, and Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections.

Like letters refer to like parts in the several views.

My invention relates to utilizing the hygroscopic salt commonly known aswaste bittern or old pickle, now a refuse from saltworks, for absorbingthe moisture eliminated from grain, &c.

In order to accomplish my purpose I construct a granary of dimensionssuitable to the quantity of grain to be stored.

The walls A may be either single or double, as at A A. Each of theseshould be as nearly air-tight as possible and impervious to moisture.The space B between the walls should be filled with some dry poorconductor, as sawdust, cut straw, or line shavings, Src., for thepurpose of keeping up a uniform temperature inthe interior of thebuilding. The ground floor should be made air-tight by covering it witha series of coats of rooting-cement or other substance that isimpervious to air or moisture. It the walls are made of wood, nocrevices should be left at the bottom, where they join the foundation,for the admission of air or moisture. The walls may be made of brick orstone, but in either case they should be made air-tight and imperviousto moisture; or, if desired, the walls can be made of iron. The roofshould also be made double, and possess the same properties for theexclusion of air and moisture as the side walls. The doors Gr should bemade to shut as nearly air-tight as possible, and shutnpou some kind ofelastic packing. In short, the whole interior of the building or granaryshould be without ventilation, andthe walls, roof, and floor imperviousto moisture.

`The door should be an exact level, with the edges raised three or fourinches, so that it will hold a liquid, and pipes should be introduced,with stop-cocks for drawing' olf the accumulated moisture whencondensed.

The granary may be divided into two or apartments, one above the other 5but each floor should be constructed of material that is impervious towater, and so formed that a liquid could accumulate to the depth ofthree or four inches.

The grain-bins are represented in Figs. 8 and 4 in tiers, one aboveanother, as seen at C C D D. These should be provided with means forventilating into the interior of the granary by pipes, wire-cloth, opentop, &c.

rEhe bottom of each bin may be contracted into a narrow base, so as togive as large a surface as possible for spreading out the hygroscopicsalt upon the surrounding floor, or the bins may be elevated a fewinches from the floor, thus increasing the space for the absorbent. Thebins being lled with grain or other like products, the bittern is spreadevenly over the iioor to the depth ot' two or three inches. Elevatedwalks F are placed above the door between the bins. In addition to orindependent of the distribution of the absorbent upon the Hoor, shallowtroughs may be placed in the upper portions of the room, and the bitternplaced therein. Vhen all this has been completed the door should beclosed tightly, and thus the interior of the room is cut off from thedaily changes of the atmosphere without, and the exhalations of moisturefrom the grain will be taken up by the absorbent, and this exhalationwill continue until the entire mass of grain in the granary is reducedto a uniform degree of dryness.

In very cold, dry weather the door of the grailary may be opened and thewhole temperature of theroom, including the grain in the bins, reducedto the lowest degree reached by the air without.Thegranarythenbybeingclosed will preserve nearly the same temperatureduring the succeeding summer, which low temperature, together with thegreat dryness obtained and preserved by means of the bittern, used ashereinbefore stated, will prevent any tenddency to decay or injury tothe grain; and it is obvious that grain of any kind-flour, meal, orother substancemcan be thus kept for an indenite period by the meanshereinabove set forth.

I do not confine myself to the preservatio of grain only by the use ofthe waste bittern, but also for fruits and Vegetables, when utilized forthis purpose in fruit-houses constructed substan tiall y as describedinpatents granted to me November 2, 1858, and March 19, 1861.

I also embrace in thisinvention so arranging the interior of the hold ofships and other Water-craft, or any portion thereof, that grain, fruit,or other substances may be exposed to the absorbing action of bittern inthe same manner set forth in relation to the construction and operationof the hereinbefore-described granary.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

So constructing and arranging granaries and other buildings for similarpurposes whereby they are adapted to the employment or utilizing ofWaste bittern from salt-works Within airtight Walls, substantially asdescribed.

BENJN. M. NYoE.

Witnesses:

W. H. BURRIDGE, A. W. MGGLELLAND.

